There's a whole range of factors that go into the decision, and at this level, there is a certain amount of luck involved.

Beyond the factors you mentioned, the schools will also generally look at your extracurricular activities in school - what you were involved in, in terms of organizations, clubs, etc., as well as activities you've done outside of work: volunteering and all of that.

They'll also look closely at your work experience. Assuming you have a competitive amount of experience (4-6 years, for these schools,) they'll also look at your experience arc and how you've advanced through those years.

Other than that, your letters of intent and letters of recommendation will also help getting your foot in the door. And then, of course, it's the interview. The schools will be looking to see how you 'fit' in their MBA programs, and what else you would add, in terms of diversity and your own particular outlook.

Thank you Larry, this is very helpful. I wasn't involved in a lot of extracurricular activities at school but I have been doing some pro bono and volunteer work in my professional life. I will keep all this in mind!

Certainly highlight the pro bono / volunteer work in your applications, especially if it's something you've been doing for a long time.

Thanks again, so helpful!

Did you apply to Wharton?

I am very close to pulling the trigger, I want to get it in this week for round 1. I'm just waiting on one last issue.

What about you?

HBS phrases neatly what everyone is seeking: "a habit of leadership." Classroom, work, community. Also, teamwork, problem solving, innovation and good communication skills. The ability to rally people and make things happen - impact. Yes MBA application volumes are down but would not count on this for the top schools. Those who would normally apply to top 10 schools just apply to top 5 - so the slippage in standards, I expect, will be quite slight. Did you apply R1 or are you going for R2?

I'm considering applying to H/S/W MBAs for 2020. What qualities do these schools look for (beyond strong grades, good GMAT score, and work experience?) I am trying to figure out ways to make myself more attractive.

Also I have read that US MBA programs are struggling to recruit students. Would this make it easier to get into the top schools?

Applied for all of them plus NYU in R1!